Nasal HFOV versus nasal IPPV as a post-extubation respiratory support in preterm infants—a randomised controlled trial

Early and successful extubation prevents several morbidities in preterm newborns. Several secondary non-invasive respiratory modalities exist but with their merits demerits. Given the benefits of nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV), we tried to examine whether nHFOV could reduce reintubation rates compared intermittent positive pressure (NIPPV) during post-extubation phase infants. Stratified randomisation based on gestational age was done for 86 mechanically ventilated infants between 26 36+6 weeks gestation within 2 receive either or NIPPV post-extubation. The main objective compare failure 72 h following secondarily feed intolerance, intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) (> grade 3), composite bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)/mortality, duration oxygen supplementation/ventilation support SpO2/FiO2 ratio. No statistical difference noted primary outcome (RR 0.8, 95% CI: 0.23 2.78; p = 1.00) outcomes. However, appeared possibly better respect tolerance pCO2 washout. Conclusion: Extubation less than 37 did not differ two groups. seems promising reducing enteral feeding issues elimination. Larger multicentre studies are required exploring nHFOV. Trial registration: www.ctri.nic.in id CTRI/2019/07/020055, registration date July 5, 2019